Therefore, when narrower areas are encountered in these sectors, the mining method generally used to recover these stopes is the longhole retreat method. Alimak mining method pdf raise climbing, widely known as the alimak mining method after the company that introduced it, is a variation on. Agenda geological concepts mining methods mineral processing methods mine waste management mining and money a future of mining. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Monitoring of the blasted block size distribution bbsd is an important part of the mining process. A long hole stoping system for mining narrow platinum reefs. Both methods are well suited to extracting the relatively flat coalbeds or coal seams typical of.
Alimak production mining, mine engineering, alimak raising, lateral development, narrow vein mining. The wet ground is artificially frozen and then blasted and. Hemlo shines canadian mining journalcanadian mining journal. Raising methods in metal mines raising is a regular operation in the development of metalliferous mines. Restrict rock displacements in the near and far field of the orebody to elastic orders of magnitude. Raise climbing, widely known as the alimak mining method after the company that introduced it, is a variation on longhole stoping developed. As for cage rising, the alimak method should not be used in other than good ground conditions, where the risk of rockfall from the face during travel to the face, after blasting and clearance with an airwater blast, is reduced to the. Hemlo general manager andrew baumen says that gold ore is mined at the operation using two quite different mining methods. Mining method, surface mining, open pit mining, open cast mining, placer mining, solution mining. Atlas copco 1997 reported the same general trend in other raise applications. Cablebolts or rockbolts are installed in the hangingwall of the raise, to provide reinforcement for the mid span of the future stope hangingwall. Compressed air is forced into this compartment through airlocks. The revenue from the sale of the ore keeps the venture going and finances further development.
The alimak mining method raise climber mining conditions this type of mining is best suited to tabular narrow vein ore bodies with enough dip for gravity ore flow. In any discussion of methods of underground mining comparison, one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions. It is an energy giving nonrenewable source of energy. Thanks in large part to the efforts by john chadwick of the mining journal, and many other members of the mining community, the hard rock miners handbook has been distributed to over 1 countries worldwide. Alimak mining method pdf raise climbing, widely known as the alimak mining method after the company that introduced it, is a variation on longhole stoping developed. Australian centre for geomechanics underground mining methods mike turner shrinkage methods section 10, page 4 10.
Usually, the development is done two years in advance of the production schedule. Two main methods of underground mining are practiced in pennsylvania. This type of mining is best suited for tabular narrow vein orebodies, with enough dip to allow for gravityled ore flow. There are several techniques and processes by which gold may be extracted from the earth. Open pit mines are used to exploit low grade, shallow ore bodies. Modifying the mining method and introducing new, more powerful machines are actions that should raise the efficiency of work procedures. Experience has shown that raises from 75 to 150 metres length are the most economical. Mining alimak hek rack and pinion construction and. It has a lot of commercial and industrial applications. Mining method, underground mining, roomandpillar mining, sublevel stoping, cutandfill, longwall mining, sublevel caving, block caving, backfill. Edumine is the leading provider of professional development and training for the mining industry with over 180 ondemand courses. There is potential for some of these materials to be mined from historical.
Development of a guidance document on best practices in the. It is associated with danger of accidents due to fall of roof rock, inadequate ventilation resulting in poor visibility at the work site and uncomfortable working conditions. These plans should be updated regularly every three to five years as mining progresses. Alimak hek rack and pinion elevators, lifts, hoists and. Underground hardrock mine design and planning bibliotheque et. Existing image processing methods for measuring the bbsd are unable to operate fully in areas. Reflecting the importance of ground support, underground mining methods are categorized in three classes on the basis of the extent of support required. Choice of method welcome to the narrowvein mining project. Detonating cord was used in conjunction with a train of cartridge emulsion explosives magnum 365 mm x 560 mm.
Production mining is further broken down into two methods, long hole and short hole. The standard states how the organization of a company, working methods, etc. The three most common types of surface mining are openpit mining, strip mining. The purpose of this bulletin is to provide to the mining industry the view of the regulatory authority on. Mining industry response to the book continues to be incredible. Sams mechanizes much of the work that in traditional underground mining is done by hand using long tom drills instead of handheld jack leg drills, for example. Construction of four deep and large diameter blind shaft for the passage of vertical gas pipelines duration. Gsc first alimak relocates to top and install support.
The explosives were transported by means of a normet utility vehicle to the mining site from surface. Underground roomandpillar mining methods for many metal nonmetal deposits differ from those of coal and other softer mineral deposits. For over 30 years manroc has built its reputation by establishing and perfecting the alimak raise mining process in north america. Mining methods and method selection snu open courseware. First alimak raise climber in prestea underground nyse. In underground mining, a raise refers to a vertical or inclined excavation that leads from one level, or drift, to another.
Typically, sections excavated by drop raising or conventional raising are shorter than sections driven by alimak or raise bored, table ii. The two industries ranked together as the primary or basic industries of early civilization. Block caving is an underground hard rock mining method that involves undermining an ore body, allowing it to progressively collapse under its own weight. Gold mining is the process of mining of gold or gold ores from the ground. Manroc now serves the international mining industry as a full service contracting provider. Okubo encyclopedia of life support systems eolss surface mining methods and equipment j. Mines using this method as a sole source of ore typically produce between 200 to 800 tonne per day, mechanised cut and fill. Coal is an organic sediment consisting of a complex mixture of substances. Mining of coal is one of the oldest industrial operation.
It is defined as a concentration of minerals that can be exploited and turned into a saleable product to generate a financially acceptable profit under existing economic conditions. The mining of association rules is one of the most popular problems of all these. Frequent sets play an essential role in many data mining tasks that try to find interesting patterns from databases, such as association rules, correlations, sequences, episodes, classifiers and clusters. It is not an exact science and in the choice of a method each varying factor has a certain weight, which, in many cases, experience alone can determine. Early miners employed crude methods of ground control, ventilation, haulage, hoisting, lighting, and rock breakage. Room and pillar mining is a style of mining where tunnels are driven in a chess board pattern with massive square pillars between them which are gradually cut away as the work proceeds. Placer mining placer mining is the technique by which gold that has accumulated in a placer deposit is extracted.
A true innovation in underground mining, the alimak method provides the highest safety standards in the industry, while increasing productivity, adding greater flexibility and maneuverability, and reducing overall mining costs. The method offering the most reasonable and optimized combination of safe ty, economics, and mining recovery is then chosen. Alimak ab is iso 9001 certified iso 9001 is an international quality assurance standard, which provides the parameters for quality assurance systems. Block caving is a new alternative method of developing new mines or extending the operation of open pits. The underground mining methods we use include room and pillar, narrow vein stoping and largescale mechanised mining. These files are stored in the adobe pdf portable document. Damage repair underground bituminous coal mining operations pdf. The main wire rope hoist is suitable for carrying heavy loads at relatively fast speeds and is the primary means of vertical access for men. Section 10 shrinkage methods mike turner australian. The saskatoonbased gold miner had increased its yeartodate gold production by 63 per cent over 20, thanks in part to a successful implementation of the alimak mining method at its seabee gold mine in saskatchewan. Chapter 1 underground mining methods and applications production headframe hans hamrin 1. Home mining equipment specific utilization vertical development raise alimak inc. Gsc alimak raise climbing equipment begins climbing up the first raise. In this method, a bulkhead is built in the caisson above the bottom, forming an airtight compartment at the bottom.
Geologic gradecontrol smc has utilized geologic gradecontrol since continuous production commenced in. Alimak stoping this method extracts the ore in horizontal rather than vertical slices. The alimak mining method, which manroc prides itself as the inventor, uses an alimak raise climber to develop a raise in the ore body followed. Results are even more favourable when the ore boundaries can be interpolated between. Underground hard rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to. A cut above canadian institute of mining, metallurgy and. Alimak is the worlds leading provider of rack and pinion vertical access equipment for both temporary and permanent installations. This is the classic method for mining narrow orebodies and involves extracting the ore in small slices, 2 to 4m high, working from the bottom upwards. An alimak stope is developed firstly by mining an alimak raise up the hangingwall contact of the orebody. Raising methods in metal mines copper mining india 1980. Unesco eolss sample chapters civil engineering vol. The mining method selected for exploitation is determined mainly by.
Description of mining methods step by step stope geometry. The mining method mostly used is a transverse primary and secondary longhole method. The alimak elevator is the perfect solution for underground as well as aboveground mining industry applications, such as pelletising plants, smelters, concentrators, and other ore processing plants. Golden star, manroc devt agree on alimak mining method. As our reputation and expertise grew, so did our services and geographic footprint. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. T hreequarters of the way into 2014, it became clear that this was a very good year for claude resources.
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